How to Install Minikube on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

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In this article we are going to cover How to Install Minikube on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS AWS EC2 and deploy an app on Kubernetes cluster using Minikube.

What is Minikube in Kubernetes ?

Minikube creates a single node cluster inside a VM or Cloud Instance. It is good for beginners to learn Kubernetes since you don’t have to create a master and worker node to create a cluster and we can practice basic Kubernetes functions and can also install the Kubernetes dashboard on it.

Minikube System Requirements

  • Minimum 2 CPU’s or more    
  • Minimum 2GB of free memory    
  • Minimum 20GB of free disk space   
  •  Internet connection    
  • Container or virtual machine manager, such as: Docker, Hyperkit, Hyper-V, KVM, Parallels, Podman, VirtualBox, or VMware Fusion/Workstation

Update the system packages on Ubuntu EC2

sudo apt update

#1.Install kubectl on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Download kubectl binary with curl on Ubuntu using below command

curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/`curl -s https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/stable.txt`/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl

Make the kubectl binary executable

chmod +x ./kubectl

Move kubectl to /usr/local/bin/kubectl directory

sudo mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl

To check kubectl version on Ubuntu

kubectl version

Output:

Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"22", GitVersion:"v1.22.4", GitCommit:"b695d79d4f967c403a96986f1750a35eb75e75f1", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2021-11-17T15:48:33Z", GoVersion:"go1.16.10", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

#2.Install Docker on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Install below packages before installing docker, you can use official docker site

sudo apt-get install  ca-certificates curl gnupg lsb-release

Add Docker official GPG Key

sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

Setup Docker repository using below command

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

Update the package to take effect

sudo apt-get update

Install Docker on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using below command

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin

To check docker service status on Ubuntu

sudo systemctl status docker

Create group named docker

sudo groupadd docker

Configure to Run docker without sudo permission

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER && newgrp docker

To enable docker service at system startup

sudo systemctl enable docker

To check status of docker service

sudo systemctl status docker

To start/stop docker service

sudo systemctl start/stop docker

#3.Install cri-dockerd on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

The default network plugin for cri-dockerd is set to cni on Linux/Ubuntu for new Kubernetes version as you can follow GitHub Official repo for same

Clone the below git repo

git clone https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd.git

To install, on a Linux system that uses systemd, and already has Docker Engine installed

wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/getgo/installer_linux
chmod +x ./installer_linux
./installer_linux
source ~/.bash_profile
cd cri-dockerd
mkdir bin
go build -o bin/cri-dockerd
mkdir -p /usr/local/bin
sudo install -o root -g root -m 0755 bin/cri-dockerd /usr/local/bin/cri-dockerd
sudo cp -a packaging/systemd/* /etc/systemd/system
sudo sed -i -e 's,/usr/bin/cri-dockerd,/usr/local/bin/cri-dockerd,' /etc/systemd/system/cri-docker.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable cri-docker.service
sudo systemctl enable --now cri-docker.socket

#4.Install conntrack package on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Install conntrack using apt for minikube on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

sudo apt-get install -y conntrack

#5.Install crictl package on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Install crictl: CLI for kubelet CRI on Ubuntu using below commands follow official crictl GitHub page

VERSION="v1.24.2"
wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/$VERSION/crictl-$VERSION-linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf crictl-$VERSION-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/bin
rm -f crictl-$VERSION-linux-amd64.tar.gz

#6.Install calico network plugin for Minikube

Install calico network plugin on Minikube 

curl https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico-typha.yaml -o calico.yaml
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml

#7.Download and Install Minikube on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Download and Install Minikube on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS using below commands, To download latest minikube setup refer minikube official download page

curl -Lo minikube https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64

Make the minikube binary executable 

chmod +x minikube

Move minikube to /usr/local/bin/kubectl directory 

sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/

To check minikube version on ubuntu

minikube version

Output:

minikube version: v1.24.0
commit: 76b94fb3c4e8ac5062daf70d60cf03ddcc0a741b

Start the minikube Kubernetes cluster on Ubuntu

sudo minikube start --vm-driver=none

OR

sudo minikube start --vm-driver=none --wait=false

Error:

minikube v1.24.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 (xen/amd64)
Using the none driver based on user configuration
X Exiting due to GUEST_MISSING_CONNTRACK: Sorry, Kubernetes 1.22.3 requires conntrack to be installed in root's path

Solution:

sudo apt-get install -y conntrack

Now start the minikube on Ubuntu

minikube start --vm-driver=none

Output:

* minikube v1.24.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 (xen/amd64)
* Using the none driver based on user configuration
* Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube
* Running on localhost (CPUs=2, Memory=3928MB, Disk=19788MB) ...
* OS release is Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS
* Preparing Kubernetes v1.22.3 on Docker 20.10.7 ...
  - kubelet.resolv-conf=/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf
    > kubectl.sha256: 64 B / 64 B [--------------------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > kubelet.sha256: 64 B / 64 B [--------------------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > kubeadm.sha256: 64 B / 64 B [--------------------------] 100.00% ? p/s 0s
    > kubectl: 44.73 MiB / 44.73 MiB [------------] 100.00% 66.30 MiB p/s 900ms
    > kubeadm: 43.71 MiB / 43.71 MiB [-------------] 100.00% 48.59 MiB p/s 1.1s
    > kubelet: 115.57 MiB / 115.57 MiB [-----------] 100.00% 69.82 MiB p/s 1.9s
  - Generating certificates and keys ...
  - Booting up control plane ...
  - Configuring RBAC rules ...
* Configuring local host environment ...
*
! The 'none' driver is designed for experts who need to integrate with an existing VM
* Most users should use the newer 'docker' driver instead, which does not require root!
* For more information, see: https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/none/
*
! kubectl and minikube configuration will be stored in /home/ubuntu
! To use kubectl or minikube commands as your own user, you may need to relocate them. For example, to overwrite your own settings, run:
*
  - sudo mv /home/ubuntu/.kube /home/ubuntu/.minikube $HOME
  - sudo chown -R $USER $HOME/.kube $HOME/.minikube
*
* This can also be done automatically by setting the env var CHANGE_MINIKUBE_NONE_USER=true
* Verifying Kubernetes components...
  - Using image gcr.io/k8s-minikube/storage-provisioner:v5
* Enabled addons: storage-provisioner, default-storageclass
* Done! kubectl is now configured to use "minikube" cluster and "default" namespace by default

To Check the status of Minikube

minikube status

Output:

minikube
type: Control Plane
host: Running
kubelet: Running
apiserver: Running
kubeconfig: Configured

To check Minikube cluster information

kubectl cluster-info

Output:

Kubernetes control plane is running at https://172.31.4.153:8443
CoreDNS is running at https://172.31.4.153:8443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.

To check minikube cluster status

kubectl get nodes

To view minikube cluster events

kubectl get events

To view the kubectl configuration

kubectl config view

Output:

apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority: /home/ubuntu/.minikube/ca.crt
    extensions:
    - extension:
        last-update: Thu, 25 Nov 2021 14:45:29 UTC
        provider: minikube.sigs.k8s.io
        version: v1.24.0
      name: cluster_info
    server: https://172.31.4.153:8443
  name: minikube
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: minikube
    extensions:
    - extension:
        last-update: Thu, 25 Nov 2021 14:45:29 UTC
        provider: minikube.sigs.k8s.io
        version: v1.24.0
      name: context_info
    namespace: default
    user: minikube
  name: minikube
current-context: minikube
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users:
- name: minikube
  user:
    client-certificate: /home/ubuntu/.minikube/profiles/minikube/client.crt
    client-key: /home/ubuntu/.minikube/profiles/minikube/client.key

Lets create first container on Minikube Cluster using kubectl

kubectl run hello-minikube --image=gcr.io/google_containers/echoserver:1.4 --port=8080

To check pods on minikube using kubectl command

kubectl get pods

Output:

kubectl get pods
NAME             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
hello-minikube   1/1     Running   0          37s

We have covered Install Minikube on Ubuntu.

#8:Deploy an app on Minikube Cluster

Lets create deployment on Minikube cluster

kubectl create deployment hello-node --image=k8s.gcr.io/echoserver:1.4

To check deployment on minikube cluster

kubectl get deployment

Output:

kubectl get deployment
NAME         READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
hello-node   1/1     1            1           31s

Expose the deployment using service on minikube cluster

kubectl expose deployment hello-node --type=NodePort --port=8080

To check service on minikube cluster using kubectl

kubectl get svc

Output:

kubectl get svc
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)          AGE
hello-node   NodePort    10.111.170.87   <none>        8080:32548/TCP   26s
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP          11m

Access the app on minikube cluster using cluster IP

curl -v 13.234.67.176:32548

Output:

*   Trying 13.234.67.176:32548...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to 13.234.67.176 (13.234.67.176) port 32548 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> Host: 13.234.67.176:32548
> User-Agent: curl/7.68.0
> Accept: */*
>
* Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Server: nginx/1.10.0
< Date: Thu, 25 Nov 2021 14:59:53 GMT
< Content-Type: text/plain
< Transfer-Encoding: chunked
< Connection: keep-alive
<
CLIENT VALUES:
client_address=172.17.0.1
command=GET
real path=/
query=nil
request_version=1.1
request_uri=http://13.234.67.176:8080/

SERVER VALUES:
server_version=nginx: 1.10.0 - lua: 10001

HEADERS RECEIVED:
accept=*/*
host=13.234.67.176:32548
user-agent=curl/7.68.0
BODY:
* Connection #0 to host 13.234.67.176 left intact

we can access it within the cluster via $(minikube ip):$NODE_PORT

To check minikube internal IP

minikube ip
curl -v 172.31.4.153:32548

To access app on browser using node port

http://13.234.67.176:32548/

Output:

How to Install Minikube on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 1

To delete service on minikube cluster using kubectl

kubectl delete service hello-node

To delete deployment on minikube cluster using kubectl

kubectl delete deployment hello-node

To stop minikube cluster

minikube stop

Output:

* Stopping node "minikube"  ...
* 1 node stopped.

To delete minikube cluster

minikube delete

Output:

* Uninstalling Kubernetes v1.22.3 using kubeadm ...
* Deleting "minikube" in none ...
* Removed all traces of the "minikube" cluster.

Error:

minikube start –vm-driver=none

* minikube v1.26.1 on Ubuntu 22.04 (xen/amd64)

* Using the none driver based on user configuration

* Starting control plane node minikube in cluster minikube

* Running on localhost (CPUs=2, Memory=3922MB, Disk=19673MB) …

* Exiting due to NOT_FOUND_CRI_DOCKERD:

* Suggestion:

    The none driver with Kubernetes v1.24+ and the docker container-runtime requires cri-dockerd.

    Please install cri-dockerd using these instructions:

Solution

Follow this GitHub Page or step no #3

Error:

Error:

X Exiting due to HOST_JUJU_LOCK_PERMISSION: Failed to start host: boot lock: unable to open /tmp/juju-mkc8ab01ad3ea83211c505c81a7ee49a8e3ecb89: permission denied

* Suggestion: Run ‘sudo sysctl fs.protected_regular=0’, or try a driver which does not require root, such as ‘–driver=docker’

* Related issue: https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube/issues/6391

Solution:

sudo sysctl fs.protected_regular=0

Error: 

X Exiting due to RUNTIME_ENABLE: Temporary Error: sudo crictl version: exit status 1

stdout:

stderr:

sudo: crictl: command not found

Solution:

Follow below links

https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools#install-crictl

https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/blob/master/docs/crictl.md

Conclusion:

In this article we have covered How to Install Minikube on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS AWS EC2 and deploy an app on Kubernetes cluster using Minikube.

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